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Energy-Efficient Windows Buying Guide

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This guide is designed for homeowners looking to reduce utility costs and improve home comfort through window upgrades. You will learn how to evaluate your current windows, take precise measurements, and select the most energy-efficient frame materials. By following these steps, you can confidently invest in high-performance windows that enhance your home's thermal resistance.

Safety Warnings

  • Ensure all new windows are installed by trained professionals according to manufacturer instructions to avoid voiding warranties and ensuring structural safety.

Tools Needed

Tape measure — Standard retractable
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Pencil — Standard graphite
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Materials

Energy Star certified windows — Climate-specific glass and frames(As needed per home)
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Steps

1
Evaluate your current windows to determine if you should update existing units with caulk, weatherstripping, or storm panels, or proceed with a full replacement if frames are deteriorated or out of square.
2
Measure the height and width of the windows to be covered from inside molding to inside molding in multiple positions, using the smallest measurements to determine the required size.
Inside molding Tape measure Shift position Take multiple reads Measure width and height between moldings at several points; use the smallest result.
3
Select a frame material based on thermal resistance; fiberglass, vinyl, and composite materials generally provide greater thermal resistance than aluminum or steel.
4
Choose the glazing type, opting for double- or triple-pane units. Ensure the gaps between panes are filled with inert gases such as argon or krypton to reduce heat flow.
5
Select a low-emissivity (low-e) coating based on your climate: use coatings to reduce heat loss in cold climates and those that reduce heat gain (low SHGC) in warm climates.
6
Verify the window's energy performance by looking for the ENERGY STAR label and reviewing the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) labels for U-factor and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC).
7
Choose an operation type based on air leakage needs; awning, hopper, and casement windows generally have lower air leakage rates than sliding or double-hung windows.
8
Hire a reputable, fully insured professional to install the windows according to manufacturer recommendations for flashing and air sealing to ensure maximum energy efficiency.

Pro Tips

  • Look for whole-unit U-factors and SHGCs rather than center-of-glass ratings for a more accurate reflection of energy performance.
  • In temperate climates with both hot and cold seasons, select windows with both low U-factors and low SHGCs.

When to Call a Professional

For precise measurements and professional installation that preserves warranty coverage, hire a licensed window contractor.

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